Difference between revisions of "Class Journal Week 2"

Revision as of 12:46, 5 September 2013

Lena Hunt

• What is the biggest discovery that I made from these readings?

The biggest discovery I made from these readings came from the Hayes article. I thought that it would make sense that because DNA has to fit into the nucleus of a cell that it would have to be very information dense, but learning that DNA actually has extra nucleotides to buffer the effect of mutation and mistranslations was a revelation. I knew about introns and exons, but before now I didn't understand why introns existed.

• What part of the readings did I understand the least?

I didn't particularly understand the Nirenberg article. He referred to a lot of organic chemicals that I was unfamiliar with, and the pace of the writing left me glassy-eyed. I think that if I was more familiar with the types of tests he was performing that I would have been more engaged.

• How was the genetic code solved experimentally?

Nirenberg sythesized mRNA and observed which amino acids resulted from a given input.

• What is the relationship between the genetic code and a computer code?

DNA encodes "lines of programming," a message composed of nucleotides that needs to be "run." A section of DNA in transcribed, just as computers transcribe sections of a program on a disk. In both computers and cells, the transcribed pieces are sent to different parts of the system. In cells, mRNA is translated into amino acids which become proteins, while in computers digital data is translated into analog output.

Lena (talk) 23:00, 3 September 2013 (PDT)

Kevin McGee

1. What is the biggest discovery that I made from these readings?

• I thought it was extremely interesting how Moody compared computer hackers to Nirenberg’s experiment. He would construct his own mRNA codons and watch what amino acids they would make as he imputed them. This is similar to computer hackers, who learn about knew computer systems by imputing information and watch what happens.

1. What part of the readings did I understand the least?

• I found the Nirenberg article to be very confusing. It was very heavy in its science and involved many procedures and language that I was unfamiliar with. I was able to grasp the big picture of the article, but I had trouble following the details

1. How was the genetic code solved experimentally?

• Nirenberg synthesized all 64 RNA codons, and looked at what amino acids were given from the codons.

1. What is the relationship between the genetic code and a computer code?

• The genetic code holds an extremely large amount of information and it is encoded through 4 nucleotides. A computer code tells a computer a large amount of information through the use of 2 numbers, 1’s and 0’s. The nucleotides tell the code for the cells, and the numbers tell the code for computer commands.

Kevinmcgee (talk) 19:38, 4 September 2013 (PDT)

Lauren Magee

Gabriel Leis

1. The biggest discovery that I made from these readings was the concentration of protein in a cell as described by Brown in the NCBI article. As a biochemistry student I focus my attention on these molecules on the atomic level so often that I lose scope of the number of these molecules in organisms.
2. I understood sections of the Nirenberg article the least. A lot of topic specific information was needed to fully understand the article.
3. The Genetic Code was developed in two primary ways. The first was through analysis of the protein products derived from known sequences of artificial mRNA using cell free protein synthesizing systems. The second method involved the evaluation of a sensitive ribosome assay to see which amino acids associated with which RNA sequences.
4. The genetic code is essentially is essentially the link between mRNA (program lines) and amino acids (the output). The ribosome acts like the CPU as machinery to translate the program lines into an output but the Genetic Code is what guides the translation machinery.

Gleis (talk) 21:33, 4 September 2013 (PDT)

Tauras

1. I was most interested in the comparison between DNA and computer code made in the Moody article and how the quaternary of the genetic code could be converted to two digit binary code. I've always heard DNA referred to as the genetic code, but had not thought before about the possibility of converting it into computer code.
2. Like many of my classmates, I understood the Nirenburg article the least. He included a lot of technical language that did not make much sense to me, especially about his earlier research and the terms he used to describe his research.
3. The genetic code was solved as Nirenburg (and Martin) synthesized trinucleotides and then determined what amino acid each trinucleotide added to a protein chain.
4. The genetic code can be translated into computer code by using a di-digit binary system to represent the four amino acids. Like computer code, genetic code gives the instructions for specialized program output which is translated by different cells (computer equivalents) to produce proteins and working machinery.

-Taur.vil (talk) 23:16, 4 September 2013 (PDT)

Stephen Louie

1. I was intrigued at the relationship shared between computer code and DNA. For the most part, I was relatively familiar with the biological aspect of DNA. However, I never considered the possibility of DNA being translated into something that can be input as a program. I am sincerely intrigued at the aspect of using digital technology to research and modify the human genome in the form of a code.
2. The historical review article was slightly confusing to me. From prior knowledge, I had a good idea at the type of work the author was performing. However, I was unfamiliar with several parts of the article when he went into greater detail. I feel that I would have a better understanding of this article, if I had taken more upper division biology courses.
3. The 64 trinucleotides of known sequences were used to determine what nucleotide input created what amino acid.
4. Genetic code is similar to computer code in that they are both command instructions that determine the actions of a machine, whether it is a organism or a computer program. Genetic code can also be translated into a binary sequence with A being 00, C being 01, G being 10, and T being 11.

Slouie (talk) 05:46, 5 September 2013 (PDT)