Difference between revisions of "Genome paper Sinorhizonium Meliloti"

Revision as of 02:22, 12 November 2013

Megaplasmid - Genomic material that is not found in the chromosome that contains 100kb or more of information. Usually found in highly diverse species of bacteria
Root Nudules - Nodes that grow on the plant's roots and are generally linked with Nitrogen fixing symbiosis between the plant and a bacteria
Endosymbionts - an organism that exhibits symbiosis that lives within the body of another organism
Replicon - region of DNA or RNA that uses a single origin of replication during transcription
Paralogous Family - Genes that are considered to have arisen and subsequently differed due to a duplication of genetic material
ABC transporters- transmembrane proteins that use ATP binding to power the transport of substrates across a barrier.
Extracytoplasmic function - A function that occurs outside of the cell's cytoplasm
Ortholog - Genes that are generated after speciation
Orphan Genes - Genes that only exist in a small group or single organism. They are not found in the rest of the taxonomic tree
Insertion sequence - Small tranposable genes that only encode for transposon activity

Overview

Need for nitrogen Fixation bacteria
- reduction of dinitrogen to ammonium
Genome of the Sinorhizobium meliloti
- 3.65 mb chromosome
- 1.35 pSymA Megaplasmid
- 1.68 pSymB megaplasmid
Study of these 3 genetic carriers can lead to a better understanding of genes related to nitrogen fixation and how they play a role in the soil environment
- Sustainable agriculture
- Ecosystem function
Method of plant interaction

What still needs to be understood
- Creation of the organelle in the nodules
- How the bacterium can safely infect a host without a host response
- Why the nitrogen fixation to the host instead of its self

Features of the Genome

overview of the 3 replicons chromosome, pSymA, and pSymB
Size of all three of the replicons
Comparison to the Mezorhizobium loti genome
- Function found for 59.7% of genes
Genetic overview
8.2% of genes are unique to S.meliloti
Not many genes were recently duplicated
42% of genes are found in 584 paralogous families
- genome size has not recently had constraints
- leads to a more adaptive organism
insertion sequences
- 2% of genes
- mostly on pSymA near genetic material used for symbiosis

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 **reduction of dinitrogen to ammonium
 *Genome of the Sinorhizobium meliloti
+**3.65 mb chromosome
+**1.35 pSymA Megaplasmid
+**1.68 pSymB megaplasmid
+*Study of these 3 genetic carriers can lead to a better understanding of genes related to nitrogen fixation and how they play a role in the soil environment
+**Sustainable agriculture
+**Ecosystem function
+*Method of plant interaction
+#Infection of the plant roots
+#Creation of Nodules
+#Fixation of nitrogen by the bacteria
+#Metabolic interplay between the plant and the bacteria
+*What still needs to be understood
+**Creation of the organelle in the nodules
+**How the bacterium can safely infect a host without a host response
+**Why the nitrogen fixation to the host instead of its self
+'''Features of the Genome'''
+*overview of the 3 replicons chromosome, pSymA, and pSymB
+*Size of all three of the replicons
+*Comparison to the Mezorhizobium loti genome
+** Function found for 59.7% of genes
+*''Genetic overview''
+*8.2% of genes are unique to S.meliloti
+*Not many genes were recently duplicated
+*42% of genes are found in 584 paralogous families
+**genome size has not recently had constraints
+**leads to a more adaptive organism
+*insertion sequences
+**2% of genes
+**mostly on pSymA near genetic material used for symbiosis