| | #*''Saccharomyces cerevisiae releases chemical energy from glucose through anaerobic respiration (fermentation) in glucose-rich environments, despite it being the energetically inefficient pathway when compared to aerobic respiration. However, in glucose-limited environments, yeast cells switch to the aerobic pathway. Upon switching pathways, ethanol is converted to acetyl-CoA, which enters the TCA cycle (aerobic pathway), and glucose is converted into storage sugars. This diauxic shift is captured in the microarray experiment. In the glucose-limited experimental group, TCA cycle genes are induced to shift from fermentation to the aerobic respiration pathway. This shift happens in response to glucose depletion, because it enables the cell to produce more ATP through the more energetically productive TCA cycle and conserve glucose. Thus, the cell is essentially preparing for survival in a glucose-limited environment by freeing up higher levels of chemical energy to sustain cellular processes and storing glucose for emergency use. | | #*''Saccharomyces cerevisiae releases chemical energy from glucose through anaerobic respiration (fermentation) in glucose-rich environments, despite it being the energetically inefficient pathway when compared to aerobic respiration. However, in glucose-limited environments, yeast cells switch to the aerobic pathway. Upon switching pathways, ethanol is converted to acetyl-CoA, which enters the TCA cycle (aerobic pathway), and glucose is converted into storage sugars. This diauxic shift is captured in the microarray experiment. In the glucose-limited experimental group, TCA cycle genes are induced to shift from fermentation to the aerobic respiration pathway. This shift happens in response to glucose depletion, because it enables the cell to produce more ATP through the more energetically productive TCA cycle and conserve glucose. Thus, the cell is essentially preparing for survival in a glucose-limited environment by freeing up higher levels of chemical energy to sustain cellular processes and storing glucose for emergency use. |
| | # (Question 12, p. 120) What mechanism could the genome use to ensure genes for enzymes in a common pathway are induced or repressed simultaneously? | | # (Question 12, p. 120) What mechanism could the genome use to ensure genes for enzymes in a common pathway are induced or repressed simultaneously? |
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